Life and Chemistry / Large Molecules or Macromolecules

Life and Chemistry / Large Molecules or Macromolecules

 

            In this section I’ve learned many different things like for an example, what make up tissues as well as what makes up the four major components of macromolecules. We also learned how DNA and RNA compare and contrast and how they are formed.  The formation of polymers and polymers to monomers were also on the topic of discussion as well as the bonds or linkages that are formed between peptides in a protein structure. 

 The four major components of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.  The first component, carbohydrates are the CHO functions.  They are divided in to three major groups which are monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide.  These groups are form by simple carbohydrate linking together to form a more complex structure of carbohydrates.  Monomers are simply composed of one carbohydrate.  There are many types of monomers for example DNA and RNA or other wise known as ribose and deoxyribose are the two five-carbon sugars that we learned about.  Fructose and galactose is just a couple of the six-carbon sugar examples we learned about. Then we learned about the disaccharides which are form by glysidic linkages between two monomers.  For instance two glucose monomers bind together by releasing H2O or also known as condensation, then as stated it forms maltose.  Then finally we became familiar with polysaccharides which just mean that more than one carbohydrate connects.  There are two basic types of linkages or bond which are condensation which is the release of water and hydrolysis which is when a bond breaks because of the addition of H2O.  As for protein we learned in this class the four levels of protein structure.   Primary structure is a single chain of peptide linkage where as the secondary structure is a double bond chain like DNA.  This double bonded form can exist in two forms which are (alpha) Helix and (beta) pleated sheet.  Then there is the tertiary structure which is more structure compact and connected hydrogen and disulfide bonds.  The quaternary structure is form when four subunits combine one big enzyme which is called the Holo enzyme.  The primary structure is bonded by peptide linkage while the secondary structure is bonded by hydrogen bonds.  Then the nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are polymers specialized for the storage, transmission, and use of genetic information.  The simple way you helped me remember how nucleotides are made is from the picture diagram on the lecture notes that explain the concept.  First one needs a base then they add a ribose or deoxyribose which makes a nucleoside then to make a nucleotide one adds a phosphate.  One major concept I was extremely shocked to find out is how ninety eight percent of DNA is just junk to protect us from mutation from hostile environment.  How our bodies work to protect us is unbelievable.  Finally the last major component of large macromolecules that I learned about was lipids. Lipids are basically hydrocarbons that are water insoluble because of the non-polar molecules and different covalent bonds.  One of the most common lipid most people heard about is the phospholipids, or triglyceride which is a glycerol bonding two three fatty acid molecules through condensation. In this section of study I have learned the four major components of a large molecule, which was very interesting and I hope as we progress we find out more about the nature and magic of life.

addiction to drugs, sex, and alcohol

Richard DeLa Garza, II, Ph. D.

In this lecture about addiction to drugs, sex, and alcohol I learn a
number of different things about how addiction works and how scientist
study the pattern to find what causes it and prevents it. Most of the
myths that Dr. Garza proved to be false was exactly what I always
assumed to be true.

One of the major myths that I thought to be true was that drugs, sex,
and alcohol affect everyone in the same way. As in high school there is
a very divers group of kids who are known to be addicted to different
things. Like for example the group of kids who do drugs, I know many
people who go threw that phase and come out like nothing happened, while
other get stuck with no way out weaken by the addiction. For example
cigarette smokers, my older sister is practically a chain smoker, she
has tried everything one can think of to quit but it never worked. Where
as my boyfriend, Jesse, was a social smoker ever since he joined the
military three years ago; I refused to go out with him because he drank
and smoked and he quit on the spot. As one may see how I quickly came to
the conclusion that my sister wasn't trying hard enough, and probably
just waiting for the medicine do all the work. On a more personal
observation, people who drink I always thought were liars. I transferred
from a very strict private school in Dallas, to a very small, barely a
3A, country school in the middle of nowhere, straight in to high school.
I became friends with the more outgoing crowd the partiers and I went to
a party of there's. Even though it tasted disgusting, I drank just as
much as the girls I went with and I wasn't making out with every guy I
saw, stripping on table tops, or throwing up on everything, and I
defiantly remembered everything the next day. So when the girls came to
me saying they couldn't control them self because they were drunk, I
didn't believed them, and I found new friends with better morals. I'm
still not completely sure 'how much' drinking really effects someone
actions. I now believe as Dr. Garza proved with the different test done
to monitor the brain activity that things like drugs and alcohol effect
people different. He also proved this concept again with the different
kinds of rats Dr. Garza test on; which reveal it took different amounts
of myth to keep the rats in that satisfied high. This explains why I
never got drunk and girls that drank just as much as I was way passed
what I would call drunk. It also explains why my sister has such a
problem with trying to quit smoking and Jesse quit without haven a
second thought about it.

Another major thing that I learn more about is how scientist studies
diseases as in addiction to different things. I guess I never put much
thought in how they do their research and get their data. I heard of mad
scientists who do test on humans before, which are how they say all the
different blood types evolved. Although I don't believe that Dr. Garza
is a mad scientist, I guess if people are willing to participate to find
a cure for their disease, its okay. I mean people do the same thing all
the time when they risk their life getting an organ transplant, even
though there is a chance their body could reject it, to find a way to
get through their disease. It was also interesting as well as shocking
to hear that methamphetamine addicts chose money over myth, even as low
as seven to sixteen dollars, even though there concealed in a hospital
for weeks with no other way to get what they were supposedly addicted
to. Another fascinating fact Dr. Garza stated was how the genetic makeup
of a person effects how prone to addiction a person could be. This
statement makes me wonder if I can control in a sense the genetic makeup
of my children. For an example if I marry someone who tried and found
some kind of displeasure in drugs and alcohol and never tried it again
just as I have, will that make our children dislike it and never want to
do it as well? Dr. Garza gave a fascinating lecture that left many minds
continuously thinking about the different concepts and how they connect
in a bigger picture. I truly appreciate this chance to listen in on what
scientists today are studying; I don't believe that students get enough
great opportunities such as these. There for I want to thank you for
letting us sit in.

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Structure and Function

In this section of Cell Structure and Function I learned about all the
different kinds of cells, everything that makes up a cell and their
functions. I also learned a little history first, about where the cell
was first described and named.

First I want to talk about the two major types of cells we learned
about, which are the Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells. The Prokaryotic
cells are found in bacteria, while the Eukaryotic cells are found all
other forms of life, like animals, plants, and fungi. The Prokaryotic
cells are very different in structure from the Eukaryotic cells. For
instance, in Prokaryotic cells the DNA is not enclosed by a
double-walled nuclear membrane, which means they don't have a true
nucleus. In the Prokaryotic cells the DNA is concentrated in a nuclear
dense zone called the nucleoid and there is no defined it membrane to
separate the nuclear material. Most Prokaryotic cells have tough
external cell wall, as in plants and fungi which are made up of
Eukaryotic cells. The compositions of the cell wall differ from each
other kind of cell. In a plant cell wall there is three parts, primary,
secondary, and middle lamella. Animal cells do not have a cell wall. The
Prokaryotic cells are a lot simpler compared to the Eukaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic cells contain organelles that are separated by membranes.
These organelles form different departments which include the
mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes, nucleus endoplasmic reticulum
and golgi. The major differences in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells is
that in Eukaryotic cells there is a true nucleus, and the soup that lies
between the nucleus and plasma membrane is the cytoplasm called cytosol,
which suspends the membrane- bound organelles.

There are three types of cells made from Eukaryotic cells which are
plant, animal, and fungi cells. Within the three different types of
Eukaryotic cells there are many different components that make up an
animal cell, that differ from plant and fungi. This basically means that
even though there are three different types of cells classified under a
Eukaryotic cell, each cell differs from each other because there not all
made up of the same organelles. For example although plants do, animals
don't have a central vacuole, tonoplast, chloroplasts, plasmodesmata, or
even a cell wall; likewise, plant cells don't contain lysosomes,
centrioles, or flagella.

In contrast to learning the differences between Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic cells or even the difference between animal and plants cells
we learned how they contain many of the same comparable organelles. For
example every cell has an plasma membrane or cell envelope, which is
also known as the 'plasmalemma', which is a definite boundary that's
picky what it lets in, like molecules. Then we learned about the
nucleus, another organelle that animals and plants like both has, which
is the control room of the cell. The nucleus is where the 23 paired
chromosomes are enclosed, which transcribes a section into RNA, which in
turn uses ribosome's as the site of protein synthesis where RNA is
translated. Then there is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is the
largest membrane in the cell; this organelle splits into two distinct
regions, rough ER-its not functioning properly if you get sick, and
smooth ER. We also learned about the Golgi apparatus, which is just like
a post office, everything is sent to it first to then be sent out to
different places. Then there is the garbage man who is played by
lysosomes in animals and the central vacuole in plants, which gets rid
of the bad and even destroys it-self as a cell if malfunctions. Then
there the mitochondria, the power house, which is the chloroplast in
plants. So even though animals and plants or Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
cells may differ in many ways, they are very much alike in a number of
common organelles, and even the organelles they differ in they have a
common function.

Panic Disorder Case Definition, Symptoms, Methods of diagnosis, Causes, Method of prevention and control.

new homework UNTHSC FORT WORTH,  TEXAS.

Panic Disorder Case Definition

            Panic disorders are an anxiety disorder characterized by recurring severe panic attacks. Panic attacks are a type of anxiety disorders that can cause sudden overwhelming fear and extreme nervousness for 10 minutes or more, a response that is out of proportion for the situation.  Panic disorders are most often mistaken for a heart attack by the patient.  They can happen without warning or reason and affect about 40 million American adults age 18 years and older every year. Panic disorders occur are twice often in women than men.

Symptoms

Some physical symptoms include: Difficulty breathing, sensation of choking, racing heart, rapid pulse, intense feeling of terror, dizziness or feeling faint, sweating, trembling or shaking, chills or hot flashes, nausea or stomachache, tingling or numbness in fingers and toes, a fear that you are losing control or about to die, and a sense of "going crazy."  Repeated attacks over time can cause the patient to have a constant fear of another panic attack. This fear causes the patient to avoid places and situations that have caused the attacks before this affect their overall quality of life.  

Methods of diagnosis

If a patient has the symptoms, a physician begins the diagnosis process by performing a physical exam as well as obtaining their complete medical history.   The physician looks for other possible causes by doing various other tests.  The doctor refers the patient to a psychiatrist or psychologist who use specially designed interview and assessment tools to determine if the symptoms and degree of dysfunctions suggest panic disorder.  Treatment is prescribed based on the intensity, duration, and frequency of the attacks, as well as the patient’s behavior and attitude.

Causes

Studies have shown that a mixture of factors, both environmental and biological, could be involved in the causes of panic disorders.  Some possible biological factors include abnormalities in the development of the brain and panic disorders have been shown to run in families.  Some environmental factors include the occurrence of panic attacks along with other serious conditions most commonly, depression, alcoholism, or drug abuse.  Stressful events and major life transition can also trigger a panic disorder.  Stress hormones that are involved in chronic stress are cortisol and corticotropin releasing hormone, which can boost anxiety and cause a panic disorder. 

Method of Cure

Treatment for panic disorders include psychotherapy, cognitive, or biofeedback therapy can all change the way the patient response to the stimuli.  There are also many prescription medications available to treat many different types of anxiety disorders. These medications act directly on the central nervous system of the patient. Antidepressants particularly Selective serotonin & norepinephrine inhibitors (SSRIs), beta-blockers, and anti-anxiety drugs including benzodiazepines can all help reduce the reoccurrence of the attacks.

Method of prevention and control

There are many different ways to help prevent and control panic disorders. One way is thru certain lifestyle changes including changes in diet and exercise. Reducing the amount of caffeine intake in your diet and having regularly scheduled meals may help. Daily exercise and meditation can help reduce the occurrence of panic disorders.  Relaxation, staying stress-free, and getting adequate sleep is also very important in reducing anxiety which cause the panic attacks.

Works Cited

"NIMH · Panic Disorder." NIMH · Home. 30 Apr. 2010. Web. 01 May 2010. <http://www.mentalhealth.gov/health/topics/panic-disorder/index.shtml>.

"Panic Disorder." Google Health. A.D.A.M., 2010. Web. 02 May 2010. <https://health.google.com/health/ref/Panic+disorder>.

"WebMD Anxiety and Panic Disorders Guide - Better Information for Better Health." WebMD - Better Information. Better Health. WebMD. Web. 02 May 2010. <http://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/guide/default.htm>.

 

مشكله جنسية في الاردن

عمان - أقر 49.9 % من الأردنيين بوجود مشكلة أو خلل جنسي لديهم، بحسب دراسة عملية وعلمية متخصصة أجراها اختصاصي جراحة الكلى والمسالك البولية في جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجيا الدكتور إبراهيم الغلاييني.

وبحسب الدراسة التي حصلت "الغد" على نسخة منها، شكل العمر أهم عامل للضعف أو الخلل الجنسي، إذ أثبتت أن 53 % من الرجال في الأربعينيات، لديهم مشكلة جنسية مقارنة بـ 72 % من الرجال في الستينيات و89 % من الرجال الذين هم فوق سن 70 عاماً.

وبينت الدراسة ذاتها، والتي أجريت على عينة قوامها 1000 رجل أن أكثر من 47.7 % منهم، يعانون من زيادة في الوزن و19 % يعانون من سمنة مفرطة، بحسب القراءات العالمية المعتمدة لاحتساب عامل الكتلة البدني (BMI)، وهم بذلك أكثر خطرا لحدوث الضعف الجنسي، مقارنة بالرجال أصحاب الوزن الطبيعي.

وكشفت الدراسة، أن نسبة الضعف الجنسي عالية جداً عند "المدخنين" مقارنة بغير المدخنين.

كما أثبتت أنه كلما قلَّ الدخل الشهري وساء الوضع الاقتصادي للرجل، كان أكثر عرضة للإصابة بالضعف الجنسي، مرجعة السبب في ذلك إلى أن التدهور الاقتصادي للرجل يزيد من نسبة حدوث القلق النفسي، حيث إنه من المعروف أن القلق النفسي أحد أهم المسببات للضعف الجنسي عند الرجال وخصوصاً ذوي الأعمار الصغيرة. فضلا عن كون ذلك يؤثر سلباً في قدرة الرجل على العلاج لهذه الحالة ومعالجة الأمراض المسببة لها ثانوياً، إذ إن كلفة العلاجات والفحوصات الطبية لمختلف الأمراض، تكون عالية في بعض الحالات.

وكشفت الدراسة، أنه كلما قل التحصيل العلمي عند الرجل، كان أكثر عرضة للإصابة بالضعف الجنسي، موضحة أن الرجل المتعلم والمثقف، يعي أهمية العناية بصحته وعلاج ما يصيبه من أمراض تؤثر ثانوياً على الناحية الجنسية وعلى حياته على نحو عام.

وأوضحت الدراسة أن الرجال الذين يمارسون الرياضة ويبذلون جهداً بدنياً منتظما، أقل عرضة للإصابة بالضعف الجنسي، مشيرة إلى أن "هناك كثيراً من الناس الذين تحسن الأداء الجنسي عندهم بعد ممارسة الرياضة بانتظام".

وبينت أن الأشخاص المصابين بأمراض متنوعة مثل: السكري وارتفاع ضغط الدم وتصلب الشرايين، أكثر عرضة للإصابة بالضعف الجنسي من غيرهم، وخصوصاً الذين لا يلتزمون بالعلاج.

وأشارت إلى أن مرض السكري من الأسباب الرئيسية المسببة للضعف الجنسي، وأن كثيراً من الأدوية المستخدمة لعلاج الأمراض المنتشرة، تؤثر على الحالة الجنسية للرجل، ولكن الخطر يكون أكثر بكثير عندما لا يتم علاج هذه الأمراض بالطريقة الصحيحة.

ولفتت الدراسة الى أن أقل من 30 % من الرجال الذين يعانون من الضعف الجنسي، استشاروا الأطباء لهذه الحالة، و39 % منهم استخدموا أحياناً أدوية مخصصة لعلاج الضعف الجنسي، بينما حال الحياء وقلة الموارد المادية دون لجوء مرضى إلى أطباء للعلاج، إذ إن 8.5 % ممن يعانون من الضعف الجنسي استخدموا أدوية بانتظام.

وأشارت الدراسة، إلى أن نسبة الضعف الجنسي في: الولايات المتحدة 52 %، والدنمارك 52 % وسنغافوره
51.3 %واليابان 39 %.

جريدة الغد

Bacterial Meningitis and college Students

Bacterial Meningitis


Information Regarding Bacterial Meningitis

The following information is provided to all incoming college students in the state of Texas. Bacterial Meningitis is a serious, potentially deadly disease that can progress quickly. Meningitis causes inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord and can also infect the blood. Each year approximately 3,000 Americans contract this disease. Of these, 100-125 cases occur on college campuses with anywhere from 5-15 resulting in death. While there is a treatment for this disease, those who survive may develop severe health problems or disabilities. To avoid this risk, every precaution should be observed.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?

High Fever Rash or purpose patches on skin Light sensitivity Confusion and sleepiness
Lethargy Severe headache Vomiting Stiff Neck
Nausea Seizures

There may be a rash of tiny, red-purple spots caused by bleeding under the skin. These can occur anywhere on the body. Additional symptoms can be indicative of higher risk. If these symptoms appear seek immediate medical attention.

HOW IS BACTERIAL MENINGITIS DIAGNOSED?

Diagnosis is made by a medical provider and is usually based on a combination of clinical symptoms and laboratory results from spinal fluid and blood tests. Early diagnosis and treatment can greatly improve the likelihood of recovery.
HOW IS THE DISEASE TRANSMITTED?

The disease is transmitted when people exchange saliva (such as by kissing, or by sharing drinking containers, utensils, cigarettes, toothbrushes, etc.) or come in contact with respiratory or throat secretions.
HOW DO YOU INCREASE YOUR RISK OF GETTING BACTERIAL MENINGITIS?

•Exposure to saliva by sharing cigarettes, water bottles, eating utensils, food, kissing, etc.
•Living in close conditions (such as sharing a room/suite in a dorm or group home).
WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES OF THE DISEASE?

Death (in 8 to 24 hours from perfectly well to dead) Convulsions Hearing loss, blindness
Limb damage (fingers, toes, arms, legs) that requires amputation Coma Learning disability
Kidney failure Permanent brain damage Gangrene

CAN THE DISEASE BE TREATED?

•Antibiotic treatment, if received early, can save lives and chances of recovery are increased. However, permanent disability or death can still occur.
•Vaccinations are available and should be considered for: Those living in close quarters and College students 25 years old or younger
•Vaccinations are effective against 4 of the 5 most common bacterial types that cause 70% of the disease in the U.S. (but does not protect against all types of meningitis).
•Vaccinations take 7-10 days to become effective, with protection lasting 3-5 years.
•The cost of vaccine varies so check with your health provider.
•Vaccination is very safe; most common side effects are redness and minor pain at injection site for up to two days.
•Vaccination is available through Texas A&M University-Commerce Department of Student Health Services in Henderson Hall.
HOW CAN I FIND OUT MORE INFORMATION?

•Contact your own health care provider.
•Contact your Texas A&M University-Commerce Student Health Services at 903-886-5853.
•Hunt County Health Department Office at 903-408-4140. They are located in Greenville, TX.
•Contact web sites: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo; www.acha.org

Cancer Update from Johns Hopkins:أحدث أبحاث السرطان

Cancer Update from Johns Hopkins:

أحدث أبحاث السرطان من جامعة جان هوبكنز

الداء والدواء في الشراب والطعامCancer Update from Johns Hopkins:أحدث أبحاث السرطان

AFTER YEARS OF TELLING PEOPLE CHEMOTHERAPY IS THE ONLY WAY TO TRY ('TRY', BEING THE KEY WORD) TO ELIMINATE CANCER, JOHNS HOPKINS IS FINALLY STARTING TO TELL YOU THERE IS AN ALTERNATIVE WAY.

بعد سنوات طويلة من القول للناس بأنَّ العلاج الكيماوي هو الطريقة الوحيدة لمحاولة (لمحاولة- هي كلمة السرِّ) التخُّلص من السرطان، بدأت جامعة جان هوبكنز أخيرًا تقول لك: هناك حلٌّ بديلٌ.

1. Every person has cancer cells in the body. These cancer cells do not show up in the standard tests until they have multiplied to a few billion. When doctors tell cancer patients that there are no more cancer cells in their bodies after treatment, it just means the tests are unable to detect the cancer cells because they have not reached the detectable size.

1- توجد في جسم كلُّ شخص خلايا سرطانيَّة. هذه الخلايا لا تظهر فى التحاليل والاختبارات المعمليَّة الاعتياديَّة إلاَّ بعد أن تتكاثر، ويصل عددها إلى بضعة بلايين. عندما يخبر الأطبَّاء مرضاهم المصابين بالسرطان بعد العلاج بأنَّ أجسامهم لم يبق فيها خلايا سرطانيَّة، فهذا يعني فقط أنَّ الاختبارات لم تكتشف الخلايا السرطانيَّة لأنَّها لم تصل إلى الحجم الذي يمكن معه اكتشافها

2. Cancer cells occur between 6 to more than 10 times in a person's lifetime.

2- الخلايا السرطانيَّة تظهر ما بين 6 الى 10 مرَّات فى حياة الفرد.

3 When the person's immune system is strong the cancer cells will be destroyed and prevented from multiplying and forming tumors.

3- عندما يكون الجهاز المناعي للشخص قويًّا، يتمُّ تدمير الخلايا السرطانية، وتُمنع من التكاثر وتكوين الأورام.

4 When a person has cancer it indicates the person has multiple nutritional deficiencies. These could be due to genetic, environmental, food and lifestyle factors.

4- عندما يُصاب الشخص بالسرطان، يشير ذلك إلى وجود أوجه نقص غذائيَّة متعِّددة، نتيجة عوامل جينيَّة أو بيئيَّة أو غذائيَّة أو بسبب نمط الحياة الذى يعيشه الإنسان.

5. To overcome the multiple nutritional deficiencies, changing diet and including supplements will strengthen the immune system.

5- للتغُّلب على أوجه النقص الغذائية المتعدِّدة، يجب تغيير نوعيَّة الطعام، وتناول المكمِّلات الغذائيَّة لتقوية الجهاز المناعي.

6. Chemotherapy involves poisoning the rapidly-growing cancer cells and also destroys rapidly-growing healthy cells in the bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract etc, and can cause organ damage, like liver, kidneys, heart, lungs etc.

6- العلاج الكيماوي يشمل تسميم الخلايا السرطانيَّة سريعة النموِّ، ويؤدِّي أيضًا إلى تدمير الخلايا السليمة سريعة النموِّ فى النخاع الشوكي والجهاز الهضمي وقد يسبِّب ضرارًا لأعضاء، مثل الكبد والكلى والقلب والرئتين وغيرها.

7. Radiation while destroying cancer cells also burns, scars and damages healthy cells, tissues and organs.

7- العلاج بالإشعاع، وهو يدمِّرالخلايا السرطانيَّة، يحرق أيضًا الخلايا السليمة والأنسجة والأعضاء أو يشوِّهها أو يضرُّ بها.

8. Initial treatment with chemotherapy and radiation will often reduce tumor size. However prolonged use of chemotherapy and radiation do not result in more tumor destruction.

8- العلاج المبدئي الأوَّلي بالكيماوي والإشعاع، يؤدِّي غالبًا إلى تقليل حجم الورم، لكن الاستخدام المطوَّل للكيماوي والإشعاع لا يسفر عن أيِّ تدمير إضافى للورم.

9. When the body has too much toxic burden from chemotherapy and radiation the immune system is either compromised or destroyed, hence the person can succumb to various kinds of infections and complications.

9- عندما يحتوي الجسم كمًّا هائلاً من السموم نتيجة العلاج الكيماوي والإشعاع، ينتج عنه إمَّا عرقلة عمل الجهاز المناعي أو تدميره. لذا، يصبح الإنسان فريسة أنواع عديدة من العدوى والمضاعفات.

10. Chemotherapy and radiation can cause cancer cells to mutate and become resistant and difficult to destroy. Surgery can also cause cancer cells to spread to other sites.

10- العلاج الكيماوي والإشعاع يدفع الخلايا السرطانيَّة إلى التحوُّر وزيادة مقاومتها ويصبح من الصعب التخُّلص منها. الجراحة أيضًا من شأنها أن تجعل الخلايا السرطانيَّة تنتشر في أماكن أخرى.


11. An effective way to battle cancer is to starve the cancer cells by not feeding it with the foods it needs to multiply

11- الطريقة الفعَّالة لمحاربة السرطان، هي تجويع الخلايا السرطانيَّة بحرمانها من الأطعمة التى تحتاجها للتكاثر.

CANCER CELLS FEED ON:

تتغذَّى الخلايا السرطانيَّة على:

a. Sugar is a cancer-feeder. By cutting off sugar it cuts off one important food supply to the cancer cells. Sugar substitutes like NutraSweet, Equal, Spoonful, etc are made with Aspartame and it is harmful. A better natural substitute would be Manuka honey or molasses, but only in very small amounts. Table salt has a chemical added to make it white in color. Better alternative is Bragg's amino or sea salt.

ا- السكَّر مغذٍّ للخلايا السرطانيَّة. الامتناع عن تناول السكَّر، يقطع على الخلايا السرطانيَّة مصدرًا غذائيًّا هامًّا. بدائل السكَّر مثل النيوتراسويت، وإيكوال وسبونفُل إلخ.. تُصنع من مادة الأسبرتِم المضرَّة. بديل طبيعيٌّ أفضل، هو العسل الأبيض أو الدبس، ولكن بكمِّيَّات قليلة جدًّا.

ملح الطعام يُضاف إليه مادَّة كيماويَّة لتجعل لونه أبيض. البديل الأفضل، ملح البحر.

b. Milk causes the body to produce mucus, especially in the gastro-intestinal tract. Cancer feeds on mucus. By cutting off milk and substituting with unsweetened soy milk cancer cells are being starved.

بـ - الحليب (اللبن)، يدفع الجسم لتكوين المخاط، ولا سيَّما فى الجهاز الهضمي. والسرطان يتغذَّى على المخاط. بالامتناع عن الحليب، واستبداله بحليب الصويا غير المحلَّى فإنَّ هذا يؤدِّي إلى تجويع الخلايا السرطانيَّة.

c. Cancer cells thrive in an acid environment. A meat-based diet is acidic and it is best to eat fish, and a little chicken rather than beef or pork. Meat also contains livestock antibiotics, growth hormones and parasites, which are all harmful, especially to people with cancer.

جـ - الخلايا السرطانيَّة تنتعش فى البيئة الحمضيَّة. النظام الغذائي الذي يحتوي اللحوم هو نظام حمضي، من الأفضل أكل السمك وقليل من الدجاج بدلاً من اللحم البقرى أو لحم الخنزير. اللحم أيضًا يحتوي مضادَّات ماشية حيويَّة، مثل هرمونات النموِّ والطُّفيليَّات، وهذه مضرَّة، ولا سيَّما لمرضى السرطان.

d. A diet made of 80% fresh vegetables and juice, whole grains, seeds, nuts and a little fruits help put the body into an alkaline environment. About 20% can be from cooked food including beans. Fresh vegetable juices provide live enzymes that are easily absorbed and reach down to cellular levels within 15 minutes to nourish and enhance growth of healthy cells. To obtain live enzymes for building healthy cells try and drink fresh vegetable juice (most vegetables including bean sprouts) and eat some raw vegetables 2 or 3 times a day. Enzymes are destroyed at temperatures of 104 degrees F (40 degrees C).

د - النظام الغذائي الذي يحتوي 80% من الخضروات الطازجة والعصائر والحبوب كاملة البذور والمكسَّرات وقليل من الفواكه يساعد على وضع الجسم فى بيئة قلويَّة. 20% منها قد تتأتَّى من الطعام المطهي بما فيه البقوليَّات. وتمدُّ عصائر الخضروات الطازجة الجسم بالأنزيمات الحيَّة التي من السهل امتصاصها وتصل إلى مستويات الخلايا خلال 15 دقيقة لتغذِّي الخلايا السليمة وتقوِّي نموُّها. للحصول على الأنزيمات الحيَّة لبناء الخلايا السليمة، حاول أن تشرب عصير الخضروات الطازجة (أغلب الخضروات، ونباتات البقول)، وداوم على أكل الخضروات النيئة مرَّتين إلى ثلاث مرَّات يوميًّا. الأنزيمات يتمُّ تدميرها عند درجة حرارة 104 فهرنهايت أو 40 درجة مئوي.

e. Avoid coffee, tea, and chocolate, which have high caffeine. Green tea is a better alternative and has cancer fighting properties. Water-best to drink purified water, or filtered, to avoid known toxins and heavy metals in tap water. Distilled water is acidic, avoid it.

هـ - تجنَّب القهوة والشاي والشيكولاتة التي تحتوي نسبة عالية من الكافيِّين. الشاي الأخضر أفضل بديل، يحتوي خصائص مقاومة للسرطان. الماء، (من الأفضل شرب الماء النقي أو المصفَّى وذلك لتجنُّب السموم والمعادن الثقيلة التي توجد فى ماء الصنبور.) الماء المقطَّر حمضى، فتجنَّبه.

12. Meat protein is difficult to digest and requires a lot of digestive enzymes. Undigested meat remaining in the intestines becomes putrefied and leads to more toxic buildup.

12- بروتينات اللحوم صعبة الهضم وتتطلَّب الكثير من الأنزيمات الهاضمة. اللحم غير المهضوم الذي يبقى فى الأمعاء يتعفَّن ويؤدِّي إلى مزيد من تراكم السموم.

13. Cancer cell walls have a tough protein covering. By refraining from or eating less meat it frees more enzymes to attack the protein walls of cancer cells and allows the body's killer cells to destroy the cancer cells.

13- خلايا السرطان تكون محاطة بغشاء بروتينى صلب. بالامتناع عن أكل اللحوم أو التقليل منها، يساعد على تحرير كمِّيَّة أكبر من الأنزيمات لمهاجمة الجدران البروتينيَّة للخلايا السرطانيَّة ويمكِّن خلايا الجسم المقاتلة من تدمير الخلايا السرطانيَّة.

14. Some supplements build up the immune system (IP 6, Flor-ssence, Essiac, anti-oxidants, vitamins, minerals, EFAs etc.) to enable the bodies own killer cells to destroy cancer cells. Other supplements like vitamin E are known to cause apoptosis, or programmed cell death, the body's normal method of disposing of damaged, unwanted, or unneeded cells.

14- بعض من المكمِّلات (الغذائيَّة) تبني الجهاز المناعي، مثل( آي بى 6, الفلورسنس, إيزايك، ومضادَّات الأكسدة والفيتامينات والمعادن، و إيفاز وخلافه ) لتمكين خلايا الجسم المقاتلة من تدمير الخلايا السرطانيَّة. مكمِّلات غذائيَّة أخرى مثل فيتامين (E) معروف بإحداث ما يسمَّى: برمجة موت الخلايا، أي طريقة الجسم الطبيعيَّة فى التخلُّص من الخلايا التالفة غير المرغوب، أو التي لا يحتاجها الجسم.

15. Cancer is a disease of the mind, body, and spirit. A proactive and positive spirit will help the cancer warrior be a survivor. Anger, un-forgiveness and bitterness put the body into a stressful and acidic environment. Learn to have a loving and forgiving spirit. Learn to relax and enjoy life.

15- السرطان مرض العقل والجسم والروح. والروح الفاعلة الإيجابيَّة، تساعد مقاوم (مريض) السرطان على النجاة. بينما الغضب وعدم التسامح والشعور بالأسى، تضع الجسم في بيئة انفعاليَّة وحمضيَّة.

تعلَّم الاسترخاء والاستمتاع بالحياة.

16. Cancer cells cannot thrive in an oxygenated environment. Exercising daily, and deep breathing help to get more oxygen down to the cellular level. Oxygen therapy is another means employed to destroy cancer cells.

16- الخلايا السرطانيَّة لا يمكنها الانتعاش فى بيئة أوكسيجينيَّة. ممارسة الرياضة يوميًّا والتنفُّس بعمق يساعدان على إدخال مزيد من الأوكسجين إلى المستوى الخلوي. العلاج بالأوكسجين، وسيلة أخرى تستخدم لتدمير الخلايا السرطانيَّة.

1. No plastic containers in micro.

1- عدم وضع الأواني البلاستيكيَّة داخل الميكرويف.

2. No water bottles in freezer.

2- عدم وضع زجاجات الماء البلاستيك داخل مجمِّد (فريزر) الثلاَّجة.

3. No plastic wrap in microwave.

3- عدم استخدام الأغطية البلاستيكيَّة فى الميكرويف.

Johns Hopkins has recently sent this out in its newsletters. This information is being circulated at Walter Reed Army Medical Center as well. Dioxin chemicals cause cancer, especially breast cancer. Dioxins are highly poisonous to the cells of our bodies. Don't freeze your plastic bottles with water in them as this releases dioxins from the plastic. Recently, Dr. Edward Fujimoto, Wellness Program Manager at Castle Hospital, was on a TV program to explain this health hazard. He talked about dioxins and how bad they are for us. He said that we should not be heating our food in the microwave using plastic containers. This especially applies to foods that contain fat. He said that the combination of fat, high heat, and plastics releases dioxin into the food and ultimately into the cells of the body. Instead, he recommends using glass, such as Corning Ware, Pyrex or ceramic containers for heating food You get the same results, only without the dioxin. So such things as TV dinners, instant ramen and soups, etc., should be removed from the container and heated in something else. Paper isn't bad but you don't know what is in the paper. It's just safer to use tempered glass, Corning Ware, etc. He reminded us that a while ago some of the fast food restaurants moved away from the foam containers to paper. The dioxin problem is one of the reasons

Also, he pointed out that plastic wrap, such as Saran, is just as dangerous when placed over foods to be cooked in the microwave. As the food is nuked, the high heat causes poisonous toxins to actually melt out of the plastic wrap and drip into the food. Cover food with a paper towel instead.

جامعة جان هوبكنز نشرت هذا البحث مؤخًّرًا فى دوريَّتها العلميَّة. هذا المعلومات يتمُّ تناقلها داخل مركز والتر ريد الطبِّي العسكري (ولاية تكساس) أيضًا. كيماويَّات الدايوكسين تسبِّب السرطان، ولا سيَّما سرطان الثدي. الدايوكسينات شديدة السمِّيَّة على خلايا الجسم. لا تجمَّد الماء في زجاجات بلاستيكيَّة، حيث أنَّ هذا يحرِّر الدايوكسينات ويطلقها من البلاستيك. تحدَّث الدكتور إدوارد فوجيموتو، مدير برنامج الصحَّة في مستشفى كاسل في برنامج تليفزيونيٍّ مؤخَّرًا لشرح أخطار هذا الأمر على الصحَّة. تكلَّم عن الدايوكسينات، وكم هي مضرَّة لصحَّتنا. ونصح بألاَّ نسخِّن طعامنا فى أوعية بلاستيكيَّة في الميكرويف، ولا سيَّما إذا كان هذا الطعام يحتوي دهونًا. وأضاف بأنَّ الدهون والحرارة العالية والبلاستيك تساعد على إطلاق الدايوكسينات فى الطعام ومنه إلى خلايا الجسم. وبدلاً من ذلك، يقترح استخدام الزجاج أو الأواني السيراميكيَّة لتسخين الطعام، وهذا يعطينا النتائج نفسها، ولكن بدون الدايوكسينات. وأشار إلى أنَّ الأطعمة والأحسية مسبقة الصنع، يجب أزالتها من أوعيتها البلاستيكيَّة ووضعها في أوانٍ أخرى عند تسخينها. لا بأس من استعمال الورق، ولكن لا نعلم ماذا يحتوي الورق. من الآمن استعمال أوانٍ مقاومة الحرارة للتسخين.

وبيِّن أنَّه منذ وقت مضى، بسبب مشاكل الدايوكسينات، تخلَّت بعض مطاعم الوجبات السريعة عن استعمال الأوعيَّة الرغويَّة (البلاستيكيَّة) واستبدلتها بالورقيَّة.

وبيَّن كذلك أنَّ اللفائف البلاستيكيَّة، مُل الـ "سيران راب"، لها الضررنفسه إذا استعملت لتغطية الطعام عند تسخينه في الميكرويف. فعندما يتعرَّض الطعام لأشعَّة نوويَّة، تذيب الحرارة العالية الأحمضة السامَّة الموجودة في اللفائف البلاستيكيَّة ممَّا يجعلها تنقِّط على الطعام. من
الأفضل تغطية الطعام إمَّا بورقة أو بفوطة.

الداء والدواء في الشراب والطعامCancer Update from Johns Hopkins:أحدث أبحاث السرطان